Thursday, May 21, 2020

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ( Osa ) - 1602 Words

ABSTRACT: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an ever-increasing problem affecting millions of people in the United States. The prevalence of OSA has risen drastically over the past few decades concurrently with the increasing prevalence of obesity. Subsequently, there has been an ever-increasing rise in the use of CPAP. While there are many adverse effects to the use of CPAP, the majority are described as being relatively benign. Here we discuss a case of significant sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in relation to a suspected perilymphatic from traumatic barotrauma resulting from excessive self-titration of CPAP in an in-home setting. INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common, yet under recognized condition. It is estimated that some form of OSA affects approximately 17% of the adult population. Over the years, this number has consistently increased possibly secondary to the rising prevalence of obesity in the population [1]. The pathophysiology of OSA is postulated to be related to decreased parasympathetic activity during sleep, leading to decreased muscle tone in the upper airway, which can lead to repetitive collapse of the upper airway, causing the characteristic apneic or hypopneic events that define the diagnosis of OSA [2]. The traditional treatment for patients with OSA is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) [3]. CPAP prevents the collapse of the upper airway by providing continuous positive pressure to the oro- and naso-pharynx.Show MoreRelatedObstructive Sleep Apnea ( Osa ) Essay938 Words   |  4 PagesObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a major health problem, as more than 22 million adults i n the U.S suffer from OSA.1 The prevalence of moderate to severe OSA in older adults aged 65 and over is twice as high as that in middle-aged adults.2 Unfortunately, estimates suggest that 85% of individuals with moderate to severe OSA remain undiagnosed.3 Individuals with untreated moderate to severe OSA are at a greater risk for depression (DEP), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia compared to individualsRead MoreObstructive Sleep Apnea ( Osa )1220 Words   |  5 Pages Obstructive sleep apnea: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep–breathing disorder characterized by momentary episodes of either complete breathing cessation for periods of ten seconds or more (apnea) or significant reductions in breathing amplitude (hypopnea) caused by a collapsed or obstructed airway; these two conditions can lead to hypoxemia (low levels of oxygen in blood) and hypercapnia (high levels of carbon dioxide in blood). Patients are categorized as having mild, moderate or severeRead MoreObstructive Sleep Apnea ( Osa )1199 Words   |  5 Pages INTRODUCTION Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a primary sleep disorder caused by repeated partial or complete upper airway collapse despite an ongoing effort to breathe during sleep. It is estimated that 22 millions of Americans suffer from OSA; 80% of men and 93% of women with moderate to severe OSA have not been diagnosed. There is a higher prevalence of moderate to severe OSA in the elderly (aged 65 or older) than in other age groups.[1] In patients with OSA, there are high rates of depressionRead MoreObstructive Sleep Apnea ( Osa )2044 Words   |  9 PagesAlthough obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to be a common form of sleep-disordered breathing and increase the overall risk of mortality by one and a half times in serious cases, many patients with OSA remain undiagnosed and unrecognized by healthcare professionals (Stuart et al, 2013). Depending on the source, up to approximately 10% of women and 25% of men have OSA, while the overall prevalence of OSA in the general population is bet ween 3% and 7%. OSA is more common in individuals who areRead MoreOsa Case Study976 Words   |  4 PagesThe consequences of undiagnosed and untreated OSA are medically serious and economically costly. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is considered the gold standard of treatment for OSA along with lifestyle modifications. With CPAP use, patients can reduce their healthcare utilization and save money by reducing the impact of OSA symptoms, comorbidities, and motor vehicle accidents. Direct costs associated with comorbidities include increased medical expenses, emergency room visits, hospitalRead MoreRisk Factors For Cardiovascular Disease957 Words   |  4 Pagesand according to the literature, the numbers of cases are increasing (Martinez-Garcia et al. 2013). As of recent, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been recognized as a risk factor in the development of hypertension according to European and US International guidelines (Pepin et al. 2014). Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized by the collapse of the upper airway during sleep, consequently ending in intermittent asphyxia. Moreover, this disruption increases brain arousal, transient hypoxemiaRead MoreObstructive Sleep Apnea620 Words   |  3 Pages Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is when someone is experiencing episodes of cessation of breaths during sleep because of their upper airway relaxing and obstructing air flow during sleep. The episodes usually last for ten seconds or greater and is usually accompanied with a decreased oxygen saturation. Although the airway is relaxed and obstructing airflow, the body (brain) is still attempting to breathe. When breathing has resumed from its apneic state, there is usually a loud gasping snore and orRead MoreStudy Design And Population Of Pediatric Sleep Centre1676 Words   |  7 PagesMETHODS Study design and population This is a prospective case series study that enrolled 66 children aged 5 − 18 years who were presented with nocturnal enuresis (NE). The study was conducted in two centers; Pediatric Sleep Centre (Rome, Italy) where 28 children enrolled and Alexandria Main University Hospital (Alexandria, Egypt) where 38 children enrolled. All children with evidence of urinary tract infection, urinary tract anatomical abnormalities, associated chromosomal syndromes, intellectualRead MoreObstructive Sleep Apnea At School Aged Children Presented With Nocturnal Enuresis2104 Words   |  9 PagesObstructive sleep apnea in school aged children presented with nocturnal enuresis INTRODUCTION Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is an abnormal breathing pattern during sleep characterized by snoring and increased respiratory effort and with variable severity where obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) constitutes the most severe form of it. Childhood OSA has been accepted recently to be associated with numerous adverse health outcomes, including both cognitive and behavioural deficits. (1)Read MoreResearch Critique, Part 2: Critique of Quantitative Research Article1077 Words   |  5 PagesAugust 26, 2012 Research Critique, Part 2: Critique of Quantitative Research Article The population who are diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) often experience daytime drowsiness and are at risk for ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, hypertension, and other vascular related problems (Hsu et al., 2007). There are several treatment options for people with OSA, which are weight loss, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), dental appliances, and surgical procedure. This study evaluates

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